Why Should You Choose Accountancy free essay sample

People immediately think of figures, numbers, adding, subtracting and a big line of books. To most, accountancy is something dead, old and boring. Yet accountancy is not a boring, nor dead subject – in fact, it is one of the most exciting and challenging subject. Why should you choose accountancy? Good career prospects, stable (excellent) job market, short academic preparations and an excellent salary are just a few of the reasons why many people choose a career in accounting. Accounting careers have got a lot to offer in terms of career prospects. Accountants are always on demand and the fields or jobs that you can choose from are huge. This means that there are lot of opportunities for having a career as an accountant and you also have a lot of career choice to choose from. Career opportunities exist in public accounting, industry, government, not-for-profit institutions, and other business-related organizations. There are many different accounting jobs and many different industries in which accounting services are vital. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Should You Choose Accountancy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Almost every type of industry or job sector will need some form of accounting services, whether as part of the company of â€Å"for hire† basis. Job seekers who are looking for a career in accountancy will have a wide range of options available to them. Career opportunities exist in public accounting, industry, government, not-for-profit institutions, and other business-related organizations such as: a. Media b. Medical c. Banking and Investing d. Retail e. Commerce f. Private Accountancy Firms g. Self Employed Chartered Accountants. Jobs in accountancy careers are diverse and accountants can end up in a variety of job roles. Whether it be public, private or government the field of accounting provide a world of job opportunities. Accountancy options can include: * Finance Director * Chartered Accountant * Management Accountant * Financial Analyst Bookkeeping * Financial Auditor (Internal or External) * Tax Expert * Management Consultant * Payroll and Personal Finance Managers * Forensic Accountant * NBI Agent * Budget Analyst * Treasury Agent * Cost Analyst * Certified Financial Manager * Government Accountant * Enrolled Agent * Estate Planner * Budget Officer * Financial Analyst * Financial Planner * Franchise Tax Board Agent * Cre dit Manager * Certified Government Financial Manager * Government Auditor * Bank Examiner * Investment Analyst * Litigation Support * Loan Officer * General Accountant * Systems Consultant * Credit Analyst * Tax Accountant Treasurer [In fact, if you are an Accountant you can be a manager or in any positions available to a graduate of business administration, but the graduates of business administration they cannot be an accountant or be in the positions available to an accountant. ] Another reason why you should consider becoming an accountant is short academic preparation. To become a doctor, you need a bachelors degree plus medical school plus years of residency. To become a lawyer, you need a bachelors plus four years of law school. But to become an accountant, all you need is a bachelors degree in accounting. Thats it! You can start working straight out of college. In accounting, the best thing about it would probably be the great pay. Youll certainly be making a healthy amount of money as an accountant! Accountants have one of the highest starting salaries in the jobs market today. Furthermore, the career path for accountants tends to follow a very straightforward, linear progression: start off as a junior accountant, then a senior accountant, then go into middle management, then go into more prestigious upper management positions (such as controller, VP of finance, partner, or even CEO of your company). However, keep in mind that the most lucrative and sought after positions are usually reserved for those with their CPA (Certified Public Accountant) designation. The CPA exams are some of the toughest to pass, but once you buckle down and obtain your certification, the sky is the limit financially. As you can see; it is not surprising why accounting is a very popular career choice. Although a lot of people are considering this type of career, you can be sure that you will never run out of jobs as an accountant as there are lot of fields in accounting that you can enter. It is one of the best careers available today. It is a career path and not just a job. The skills that you learn will apply to any career that you take. Accountancy is a profession that is as prestigious as becoming a doctor or a lawyer. In accounting, you will see that there are lot of things that you can benefit from. It will teach you on how to organize and run your own business. In fact, most successful entrepreneurs started out as accountants. [Manny Villar is one example, he is now a billionaire] Accounting wasn’t an obvious choice for me. I originally wanted into law but wanted an undergraduate degree that I could fall back on. I choose accountancy because it seems to provide more job opportunities than that of other concentrations did. While I initially plan to follow the typical path into public accounting where I will have exposure to numerous clients and industries my future offers unlimited possibilities. Be it a partnership, a government accountant, a career in private industry as consultant, manager or officer, or my own business, I know my career will consistently offer challenges, new faces and a tremendous opportunities. Choosing a career in accounting is probably one of the best moves I did. Maybe I am now one of the highest earners among my high school batch. If you want a challenge and you’re a goal seeker, being an accountant offers you all the opportunity in the world. Employers seek accounting professionals because of their dedication to excellence and hard work. The opportunities are endless. Accountants’ can enter virtually any line of business. Accountancy is by far the best choice that I made besides coming to University of La Salette. If you are unsure of your course to pursue, you may consider accountancy because of the many opportunities it has to offer. [Ngayon, ilan na ang gustong magpursue ng accountancy? How to be an accountant? [Siguro, iniisip nyo na kailangang magaling sa math para maging accountant]. You are definitely wrong with that, you don’t need to be a math wizard to be an accountant. As long as you know the basic, the so called MDAS [Multiplication, Division, Addition and Subtraction] it’s enough. What you need is to have the two required skills. The first is your analytical skills and the second is your computer skills. You also need to possess a special aptitude for numbers and a close attention to detail. Bachelor of Science in Accountancy takes you five years of studies. It is one of the most competitive and challenging course in college. So, when you pursue accountancy you need to devote time in your studies. [Sabi nga ng Dean namin – dapat 6 hours a day ka daw dapat mag-aral ng iyong lesson aside from the time of your classes. ][Situation] If you want to get ahead it is advised to take and pass the CPA Board Examination to be most marketable and commend with best salaries. Allow yourself plenty of study time to prepare for the Uniform CPA Examination. Only 25-40 percent of CPA candidates pass all seven parts. Partial credit may be given for passing at least four parts. So, if you want to be successful and you are looking for a good career choice,accountancy can be your best choice. Especially now that the APECO is there in our place, time will come that big business entities and corporations will rise here in Aurora which offers more job opportunities for accountants. Investing in a career in accountancy will be safe bet if you are looking for a job with good career prospects and a steady source of income. As I end I want to leave you this, choosing a career to pursue is a critical decision, so consider not only your interest but consider also the job market. Once again have a nice day.

Antiamericanism essays

Antiamericanism essays Americas global dominance has faced a lot of criticism for actions ranging from the Vietnam War to the aid for Israel and the sponsorship of globalization across the World to the authoritarianism of people for the U.S. governments own personal agenda (Cooper 1). Anti-Americanism is more than just an hatred to the United States; it is the belief that Americanism (media, values, world power dominance) destroys culture and existing traditional ways of life (Chianese 9). One of the main reasons behind these beliefs come from the fact that the USA has bombed, suppressed Islamic nations and restricted them financially, commercially and politically(Chianese 10). Few nations, ethnicities or cultures are untouched by globalization. A mood of resentment toward America and its scandolus behaviour around the world has become so common in Middle Eastern countries that it is bound to breed hostility, hatred, and then renewed physical violence. With domination such as this, it is no wonder that the re is an increasing amount of Anti-Americanism throughout the world. "When asked to pick one "main reason why those who attacked us and their supporters hate the United States," the reasons given most often were 1. "our democracy and freedom" (26%) and However, almost as many believe the main reason is 3. "our values and way of life" (20%), and 4. "our influence on the economy and lives of Middle Eastern countries" (17%). 5. Only 11% believe our economic and military power is the main reason. www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/latest.asp First one must define what exactly Anti-Americanism is. Anti-Americanism is an emotion masquerading as an analysis, a morality, an ideal, even an idea about what to do. When hatred of foreign policies ignites into hatred of an entire people and their civilization, then thinking is dead and demonology lives. When complexity of thought devolves into caricature ...

How online retailing satisfy the needs of hedonic and utilitarian Essay

How online retailing satisfy the needs of hedonic and utilitarian customers - Essay Example According to standard economic theory, consumers are known for maximization of utility driven by cognitive values. However, emotional desires can at times direct functional motives in the process of choosing products. Goods are often chosen and consumed at times for purposes of pleasure hence making consumers achieve some instrumental purpose. Such are categorized as; luxuries and necessities, hedonic and utilitarian goods, affect-rich and affect-poor products. The major distinction used on goods is based on necessity and luxury items, where necessary items are considered essential for minimum standard of living. Conversely, luxurious items focus on providing condition of abundance, pleasure as well as comfort. Hedonic versus utilitarian goods Luxuries according to researchers are consumed primarily to satisfy hedonic pleasure contrary to necessities which are consumed for the purposes of providing utilitarian goals. Hedonic goods provide consumers with multisensory dimensions such a s fun, pleasure as well as excitement. On the other hand, utilitarian goods are considered instrumental making their purchase motivated by product’s functional aspects. These include products such as Kitchen appliances, personal computers and home security systems. Hedonic and utilitarian consumption are considered discretionary hence their differences based on degree and consumer’s perception. ... Purposes which an item serves, either for usage or consumption is central in determining whether the item is primarily hedonic or utilitarian. For instance purchasing a cell phone for emergency purposes qualifies it to be called utilitarian product, and is contrary when the same cell phone is purchased for pleasure of chatting with friends. Purchasing the cell phone for pleasure makes it a hedonic product. At the same time goods consumed for hedonic purposes are majorly inclined towards affecting the rich than those consumed for utilitarian purposes. The various distinctions have important implications on the way consumers make decisions based on particular context. The various distinctions as applied do not give any implications of good or bad, however consumer’s choice between the groups is majorly based on whether justification can be drawn from preference for items otherwise referred to as hedonic. The need for justification can either be increased or decreased depending o n response modes. There are various examples where evaluation on preferences gives reversible results depending on whether evaluation process takes separate or joint process. According to Okada (2005), customers frequently visiting restaurants preferred hedonic desert in situations where only single kind of desert was offered. However, in cases where there was variety, customers preferred more utilitarian dessert. Nature of choices made in such instances was based on the kind of difficulty encountered in justifying a hedonic option. Discretionary nature of various hedonic items increases chances of customers making a choice to purchase it. There is difficulty involved in making choices between utilitarian and hedonic goods since hedonic products appear more

Concept analysis on pain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Concept analysis on pain - Essay Example This concept is called pain. Pain is an abstract idea that is relative in nature. Different people define pain differently since there are diverse aspects of pain. However, the most universally accepted definition is that pain is a strong unpleasant bodily feeling or sensation such as caused by illness or injury. According to this definition, anything that causes the unpleasant feeling is an agent of pain and does so by damaging the body cells of an individual. Further, this definition indicates that pain occurs in two stages: the first stage is the sensitivity by nerve endings that a chemical change has occurred in the tissues and secondly the interpretation that the change is harmful. Another applicable definition of pain is that it is a mental suffering or distress. This is the most experienced pain. It has agents and its causes are as diverse as the complications of human lifestyle can ever get. For instance, the news about a loved one’s demise is painful and so is head in jury in a road crash. The two give the ideas defined above; while one infers to a mental distress, the other refers to a bodily harm. Both inflict pain of different nature (Castle & Buckley, 2008). A more generalized definition of pain is â€Å"An unpleasant sensation and emotional response to that sensation† (American Academy of Pain Medicine, 2007). ... Doctors treat their patients who are coincidentally compelled to go to hospitals due to intense pain. To doctors, pain is the uncomfortable feeling caused by bodily harm. The main role that doctors perform, therefore, is the reduction of the pain and the initiation of the healing and recovery process. This they do by the administration of pain killers and the antibiotics. Furthermore, doctors diagnose the disease thereby determining the cause of the pain and treating it. In so doing, they offer a permanent solution to the pain. There are different types of pain related to bodily harm in the practice of medicine. The most common being the occurrence of an infection. This refers to an inversion of the body by a disease causing organism. Until the organism is established and its effects eliminated, the victims experience intense pain. Additionally, pain results from accidents. This refers to the unintentional bodily harm which causes direct destruction of body tissues. It results in ope ned skins otherwise referred to as wounds. Theses hurt and cause intense pain. Doctors therefore stitch up the injuries and administer painkillers thereby reducing the pain while instigating the healing process. The cardinal rule that doctors follow when handling the issue of pain is that the patient is always right. This is based on the fact that it is the bearer of pain who knows where it hurts. Therefore, if a patient says that he or she feels pain on the lips, the doctor has to believe it is so even if there may be no physical signs to indicate the presence of pain. Notably, pain is always a subjective concept (McCaffrey, 1977). This means that pain is what the person experiencing it says it is. For example, a person can be subjected

Contemporary Muslim Interpretation of Islam and Democracy Essay

Contemporary Muslim Interpretation of Islam and Democracy - Essay Example Reconciling Islam and Democracy Three components of Islamic legal ideology are generally viewed as being incompatible with civil liberties or democracy, namely, corporal punishments, the legal inequality between Muslims and non-Muslims, and the legal gender inequality (Bowering, 2012, p. 129). Those who do not support the argument that governance in modern states has to be carried out within the context of Islamic legal doctrine do view religion as an integral foundation of a political system. They stress that democratic regimes depend on the presence of a particular philosophy for the people to comply with the law and for leaders to focus on the interests of the general public. As stated by Soroush, â€Å"Democracy cannot prosper without commitment to moral precepts. It is here that the great debt of democracy to religion is revealed: Religions, as bulwarks of morality, can serve as the best guarantors of democracy† (Bowering, 2012, p. 130). Although democratic regimes have to be unbiased towards religion and other worldviews, they do depend on moral codes, of which religious traditions could be a basis, including republican and constitutional principles. Mohammad Arkoun is one of the leading supporters of moderate Islam and Islamic modernity at present. Arkoun’s major interest is analysing both Islamic and Western traditions, and, at the same time, to develop a new jurisprudential and philosophical model of interpreting and applying Islam.. He has promoted controversial, revolutionary views.

Espionage and Intrusion Technology in Russia

Espionage and Intrusion Technology in Russia Neil McGeever Spying and intrusion had been happening years before technology became involved. The increase in technology and the dependency on the internet has made espionage and intrusion simpler and more widespread. Various technology has been developed that allows different ways of collecting unlawful information and spying on enemies. Valuable data is being gathered and stored online, and will continue to increase with an emphasis on technology for performing tasks and operations over the internet. This data can be intercepted to provide priceless information. Spying on the public and hacking sensitive information is certainly breaching the law and new laws are being introduced to protect the government and organisations for partaking in these activities. The public have the right to civil and privacy protection from these actions and should be obeyed, however there are certain cases when this should be permitted, such as against terrorist groups and organisations. This paper will discuss the different technologies being used to collect private information and data. It will also explain the laws that it affects that exist to protect the public and the new laws being introduced to protect the government. Espionage, Intrusion, Technology, Legal, Russia. Russia, and previously the Soviet Union, has long been recognised as a country involved in spying and intrusion on rival countries and organisations since the early 1900s. The Soviet Union employed spies in the Cold War to collect information and secrets about the United States of America and were previously used in World War One. This continues today but very different, as specialised technology has been developed to hack and interfere with information, data and communications associated with their enemies. Different technology enables different ways of gathering and collecting this information and data. This revolutionary technology allows for quick and effective hacking and intrusion, which is nearly impossible to stop when it is happening and difficult to detect who is responsible. It can be performed hundreds and thousands of miles from the intended target so the offender, or offenders, cannot be caught nearby or close to the crime. Most of the technology used for these activities worldwide was developed in Russia, enabling the Russian government and organisations to easily obtain this technology without having to travel overseas. The Russian privacy law, the Personal Data Protection Act, is intended to protect the civil and privacy rights of the Russian people. This should be adhered to by the Russian government, but unfortunately it is not. Russia is a country that enjoys to spy on its own people and it has a mass surveillance system in operation to monitor its citizens every move and communications (Russias Spying Craze, 2013). The people of Russia are not happy with this as they should be given a right of privacy in their lives without having all their movements and phone calls monitored and recorded. This document will describe cyber-attacks performed by Russia on other nations, and their severity. Technology created and developed by Russian companies that are used by the Russian government and organisations to interfere and hack confidential and private information or data on other countries and its own people, will also be explained. The law to protect the privacy of Russian citizens will also be discussed and how it is side-stepped by the Russian government for their own convenience. Russia is regarded as one of the most active and prevalent nations involved in espionage and intrusion. Cyber-espionage is employed by Russia to hack and obtain secret information from top departmental government agencies and buildings for their own intelligence. They are supposedly responsible for hacking and leaking emails from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) to WikiLeaks in 2016 and to have violated the network at the White House and the State Department activity (Penn-Hall, 2016). The gains and ease of these cyber-attacks on other nations, and because it is difficult to identify who is involved or responsible for the attacks, allows them to continue with this. James Adams, the CEO and Co-Founder of Infrastructure Defense Inc. (iDefense), regards the Internet as a revolutionary system and declared that Cyberspace has become a new international battlefield (Constantine, 2012). The internet has no governing body or police force, which is perfect for executing such attacks and not be detected. Each country must stand on their own or with their allies, to strengthen their cyber security and defences, and continuously fear that another nation may make a significant breakthrough that poses additional threats to them (Interviews, 2001). This makes each country cautious of new and severe attacks that they may not be able to defend or protect from. Russia has been accused of organising cyber-attacks on many nations. Between 1998 and 2000, a succession of incidents and attacks on the US became known as the Moonlight Maze. This was an attack on hundreds of government databases such as the Pentagon, NASA and other agencies by a group of hackers that used specialised computer equipment (Constantine, 2012). The attacks were apparently traced to a mainframe located in Russia, however, they denied this and the perpetrators are supposedly still unknown. Russia has also been accused of a 3-week long cyber-attack on Estonia in 2008. These attacks started when Russia and Estonia were in dispute over Estonias plans to remove a Soviet Union war memorial in the countrys capital Tallinn. This encouraged Russia to target some of Estonias biggest organisations and corporations such as the president, government ministers, political parties, news organisations and the banks. Russia again denied involvement with Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov sta ting that no way could the state be involved in terrorism (Thomas, 2009). Russia are not afraid to attack neighbouring countries, especially when they are much too powerful for lesser nations. More recently in March 2017, two Russian spies were charged with breaching Yahoo in 2014. This was performed with two other computer hackers and it affected over half a billion user accounts. It is regarded as one of the largest data breaches to occur in the United States of America. The Department of Justice have previously charged Russian hackers related to cyber-crime, however this is the first time that a criminal case has been brought against Russian government officials (US charges two Russian spies, 2017). Despite these charges, this will not deter Russian government officials and organisations to ending these activities. Many of the most common and most-used spy and intelligence technology employed today was developed in Russia. This technology was created from ideas the Soviet Union had to learn and uncover information and intelligence from other countries and from their own people. The Soviet Union wanted many ways of gathering knowledge and information in secrecy, so having various technologies to perform this, allowed to plan for every situation and scenario. One technology would be more useful than another in certain circumstances which prevented the attackers from being discovered and exposed. These technologies have only been developed from the late 1980s and upwards after the advancements in computers and other technology such as satellites and wired communication. The following will describe the technology used for collecting this information and data. Voice recognition technology was developed by the Speech Technology Centre (STC) in the city of Saint Petersburg. STCs beginnings started from a secret Soviet Union unit that had the backing of the Committee for State Security (KGB) and was developed during the Gulag system under Stalins rule. The roots of the company grew from a neighbouring prison that housed scientists and engineers, which was called the Sharashka Marfino. These scientists and engineers were forced to work to identify voices that were calling to foreign embassies in Moscow. Speech Technology Centre has also started to develop face recognition technologies along with voice recognition. STC announced in December 2012 that it installed the worlds first biometric identification platform, at a nation-wide level, that combines voice and face identification capabilities. This new system will allow authorities and governments to store images of suspects and criminals on a large database. STC has also claimed that it has invented algorithms that deliver reliable results even when facial characteristics have undergone physical changes, and the systems voice and face modalities can be used together or separately a voice sample or facial image alone is sufficient to make an identification. STC has publicly made it known that its surveillance technology is only used for utilitarianism uses, however they have been made available to strict and dictatorship government states such as Uzbekistan and Belarus. Most people will be unhappy with these developments as they fe ar that they will no longer have the right to privacy as their voice may be recorded without consent and that face recognition technology may mistakenly identify them for doing wrong. Another Russian firm have developed a facial recognition app. This involves submitting photos into the app and the app then searches through Vkontakte, the Russian social network version of Facebook, to find a match for the photo. The app is believed to have a 70% accuracy rate (Russian facial recognition, 2016). While some have no issues with the release of the app, others have concerns about privacy and the potential disclosure of personal information. The company do not have their own privacy policy but they have produced an acceptable use policy and licensing agreement to use on their American customers. The acceptable use policy states that the app can only be used for lawful purposes and the licensing agreement expects the licensee to establish their own privacy expectations (Chiel, 2016). Intercepting and interfering with private communications by the law has different procedures and standards in Russia compared to other countries. MFI-Soft is a Russian company that develops information security and telecommunications products for law enforcement agencies, voice over internet protocol (VoIP) carriers and internet service providers. The company has developed an interception technology capable of storing, detecting and analysing information that travels over the internet. The company also states that it develops products for national security and intelligence agencies and for the military. It is the largest Russian producer of telecommunications traffic interceptors and has developed a deep packet inspection filtering tool called Perimeter-F. Russia has recently implemented a new law that states that companies must store data associated with Russian citizens on Russian soil. This law is an attempt by Russia to gain control of the internet and to eliminate all the data stored on Russian people from other countries. The authorities want superior access to online data by domestic security services and to reduce the access to the data by other countries. Multi-national companies such as Facebook and Google are not happy with this law as they would have to move massive data to servers within Russia borders and to inform Roskomnadzor, the Russian internet watchdog, about their location (Walker, 2015). This is a massive operation for multi-national companies to accomplish as Russia is a huge country with a population of well over 100 million people. Russia has recently blocked LinkedIn because they didnt comply with the new laws and didnt store information about Russian people on servers inside Russia. Roskomnadzor had discovered that LinkedIn had broken their laws on storing data and acted accordingly. President Putins spokesman Peskov again said that the blockage is in strict accordance with the law and that the Kremlin will not intervene or interfere with the banning of LinkedIn (Matthew, 2016). Companies that do not adhere to Russian laws regarding data storage will be punished. The traditional way of listening in on private incoming phone calls is done by monitoring the telecom operator. Due to the massive and continuous increase in mobile phone usage over the years, it is much simpler and effective to intercept phone calls there and then on the spot. Discovery Telecom Technologies (DTT) was established in Moscow and have developed a system that makes this possible. The companys In-Between Interception System operates by imitating a mobile phone tower and draws in the signals that allows the devices operator to secretly listen and record the phone call. It claims to have the Kremlin and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation (FSB) as some of its clients. Some Russian people are evidently not happy with this surveillance. The Russian government were brought before the European Court of Human Rights because of their surveillance and interception of mobile phone communications in accordance with Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (See Appendix A). Roman Zakharov, complained that Russian law did not sufficiently protect against uncertainty and abuse from authorities and that it breached his right to privacy (European Court, 2016). Although this system was aimed at protecting the public and preventing crime, it did not guarantee protecting against abuse. The Court suggested that there was high risk with a system that had direct access to all mobile phone communications. The Court also believed that Russian law did not meet the quality of law requirement and that it was not necessary in a democratic society (Soldatov Borogan, 2013). The Russian government has introduced new laws and amended the Constitution in recent years because of espionage and intrusion, to lessen and prevent these problems in the future. Article 15, paragragh 4 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation outlines that universally-recognized norms of international law, and international treaties and agreements of the Russian Federation shall be a component part of its legal system (Data Protection, 2016). This includes the ratification of the Strasbourg Convention for the Protection of Individuals regarding the Automatic Processing of Personal Data (ETS No. 108) by Russia in 2005. The right to privacy, which includes the privacy of telephone and other communications is recognised in Article 23 of the Constitution, and the collection, use and storage of information about a person without their consent is prohibited in Article 24. The laws and requirements of data protection and privacy are outlined in the Federal Law No. 149-FZ on Information, Information Technologies and Data Protection and the Federal Law No. 152-FZ on Personal Data actions (Data Protection, 2016). These laws and articles of the Constitution are implemented to protect the public from the illegal collection of data and intrusion on their life. Individuals have the right to privacy and to only agree to this by giving consent for those. The Russian government are happy to collect information and spy on the public and this was evident in 1995. The Law on Operative Search and Seizures was legalised that allowed the FSB to operate a legal interception system called SORM, which enabled authorities to receive information from internet providers and phone operators. This technology allowed the Russian Security Service to monitor emails, phone calls and internet searches. Without consent and with improper use, the Russian people could fight for their right to privacy if they feel they are being violated against. Other laws have been established and signed to protect against international intrusion and surveillance. The President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, signed the new Federal Law No. 374 on July 6, 2016, on Amending the Federal Law on Counter Terrorism and Select Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Concerning the Creation of Additional Measures Aimed at Countering Terrorism and Protecting Public Safety. This recently adopted law contains several conditions that specifically outline the rights of intelligence and secret services when observing private electronic communications and allows law enforcement agencies to collect individual computer information. The law describes the requirements about the identification of users and the safeguarding of metadata that is transmitted across networks by operators of telecommunication networks. This law works in parallel with the Federal Law on Information and Information Technology, which is an obligation of network operators, to keep metadata about all connections, transmissions, and receipts of voice information, written texts, images, sounds, video, and other messages transferred through communications networks for three years. Transmitted messages, telephone communication records and other communication information must be saved by network operators for up to six months. The law also enforces providers of information to report all information required for the description of received, transferred, or delivered electronic communications to the Federal Security Service. Failing to provide this information results in a fine (New Electronic Surveillance, 2017). The Russian government are introducing these laws to protect themselves and other agencies from repercussions and from legal action being taken. However, people can bring their case to the European Court if they feel they have been severely and wrongly victimised. In 2012, Russian President Putin signed another bill into law regarding crimes by espionage and state treason. The Russian Federal Security Service (FSS) proposed the bill to highlight that espionage and revealing state secrets are a form of state treason. The FSS also wanted the new law to emphasise the need to prosecute people or organisations that are involved in helping international organisations engaged in antagonistic activities such as state treason. This new legislation covers the assistance given to an international organisation by a Russian national targeting the security of Russia, in addition to support given to a foreign country or organisation showing aggressive movements against Russia. The support given to foreign countries or organisations that define state treason is explained in Article 2, paragraph 4 of the Law as financial, material, technical, advisory or any other support given to a foreign country or to international or foreign organizations engaged in activities against the security of the Russian Federation (Federal Law No. 190-FZ). Another area of Federal Law No. 190-FZ has been amended to state that any person that gains knowledge of state secrets and discloses such information to a foreign or Russian organisation will be liable for such act, whereas before, it was only persons who had been entrusted with the information that would be liable and prosecuted. This law has also established a new crime for anyone convicted of breaking this law, which may provide a prison term of up to four years or a fine. This new law covers illegal access to state secrets due to theft, violence and other methods. This punishment for this crime may be a prison term of betw een three to eight years if the person or people are convicted of using more specialised techniques of espionage (Espionage and State Treason, 2017). Russia will continue to spy on other nations and hack confidential information as they will constantly be paranoid and in fear that other countries and organisations are planning terrorism or other attacks against the state. They are also aware that enemy countries are engaged in spying and intrusion as most of the super power nations of the East and West are involved in this activity. Russia recognises that information is a valued asset, which needs to be protected, whether at peace or at war. When using this information and data correctly, the enemy can be beaten militarily and politically, and without having to occupy the country. New laws will be introduced in the future and the Constitution will be amended as ambiguities will be exposed in Russian laws as an unhappy Russian society will continue to pursue their protection for civil and privacy rights. Also, large corporations, who can seek powerful legal advice will not be intimidated or afraid to stand against the Russian administration. In recent years, the ban on overseas companies and organisations from storing data about Russian people outside of Russia was introduced, however multi-national companies were causing no harm and only storing the data on databases for their own use. Russia just does not want this data in the hands of other groups and organisations out of fear of the knowledge gained from others from this data. Data is the new oil was phrased by Clive Humby in 2006, a UK Mathematician and architect of Tescos Clubcard scheme (Data is the new oil, 2013), to highlight the massive use of technology and storage of data. Data and information collected legally and illegally is a powerful resource for government bodies and organisations. The increase in the use of technology and the internet has led to a growth in data stored online. For example, data uncovered may have been used to plan and prepare for organised attacks against the state, or for criminal gangs and groups to plan their own attacks. Technology used to collect this data will divide opinions, and if the technology is used unlawfully such as secretly collecting data about Russian people, it will cause discontent among the Russian public. This technology will clearly be a benefit for uncovering and capturing criminals but should not be used widespread to collect information on everybody. The Russian government needs to be careful about crossing this dividing line. References ComputerWeekly. 2017. Russian personal data law set to come into force despite fears. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Russian-personal-data-law-set-to-come-into-force-despite-fears. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Early Cold War Spies: The Espionage Trials That Shaped American Politics Central Intelligence Agency. 2017. Early Cold War Spies: The Espionage Trials That Shaped American Politics Central Intelligence Agency. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol51no2/intelligence-in-recent-public-literature.html. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. The Guardian. 2017. Spies, sleepers and hitmen: how the Soviet Unions KGB never went away | World news | The Guardian. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/19/spies-spooks-hitmen-kgb-never-went-away-russia-putin. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. International Business Times UK. 2017. Russia gets new Putin-approved cybersecurity doctrine following cyberespionage attack fears. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/russia-gets-new-putin-approved-information-security-doctrine-following-cyberespionage-attack-fears-1595050. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Roland Heickerà ¶. 2010. Emerging Cyber Threats and Russian Views on Information Warfare and Information Operations . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.highseclabs.com/data/foir2970.pdf. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Chapter 1. The Fundamentals of the Constitutional System | The Constitution of the Russian Federation. 2017. Chapter 1. The Fundamentals of the Constitutional System | The Constitution of the Russian Federation. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-02.htm. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Dentons Russias new anti-terrorist law . 2017. Dentons Russias new anti-terrorist law . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.dentons.com/en/insights/alerts/2016/july/19/russias-new-anti-terrorist-law. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Practical Law . 2017. Practical Law . [ONLINE] Available at: http://uk.practicallaw.com/2-502-2227#a594893. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. History Learning Site. 2017. Spies of the Cold War Era History Learning Site. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/the-cold-war/spies-of-the-cold-war-era/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Fox News. 2017. Russian facial recognition app sparks interest, controversy | Fox News. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2016/12/14/russian-facial-recognition-app-sparks-interest-controversy.html. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Fusion.net. 2017. Hyper-accurate face recognition tech goes global | Fusion. [ONLINE] Available at: http://fusion.net/story/358817/findface-ntechlab-face-recognition-privacy/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Mail Online. 2017. Moscow blocks LinkedIn because it does not store data on citizens on Russian servers | Daily Mail Online. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3946982/Moscow-blocks-LinkedIn-latest-clampdown-Internet-freedoms-does-not-store-data-country-s-citizens-Russian-based-servers.html. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. International Justice Resource Center. 2017. European Court: Russian Interception of Mobile Phone Communications Violates Convention | International Justice Resource Center. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ijrcenter.org/2016/01/14/european-court-russian-interception-of-mobile-phone-communications-violates-convention/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. WIRED: WIRED. 2017. 5 Russian-Made Surveillance Technologies Used in the West | WIRED. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.wired.com/2013/05/russian-surveillance-technologies/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. The Cipher Brief. 2017. Russia, China, and Cyber Espionage | The Cipher Brief. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/tech/russia-china-and-cyber-espionage-1092. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Interviews James Adams | Hackers | FRONTLINE | PBS. 2017. Interviews James Adams | Hackers | FRONTLINE | PBS. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/hackers/interviews/adams.html. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Russia Data Protection 2016 ICLG International Comparative Legal Guides. 2017. Russia Data Protection 2016  · ICLG International Comparative Legal Guides. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.iclg.co.uk/practice-areas/data-protection/data-protection-2016/russia#chaptercontent1. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Russia: New Electronic Surveillance Rules | Global Legal Monitor. 2017. Russia: New Electronic Surveillance Rules | Global Legal Monitor. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/russia-new-electronic-surveillance-rules/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Russia: Espionage and State Treason Concepts Revised | Global Legal Monitor. 2017. Russia: Espionage and State Treason Concepts Revised | Global Legal Monitor. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/russia-espionage-and-state-treason-concepts-revised/. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Inquiries Journal. 2017. Cyber Terrorism and IR Theory: Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism in the New Security Threat Inquiries Journal. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/627/cyber-terrorism-and-ir-theory-realism-liberalism-and-constructivism-in-the-new-security-threat. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Timothy L. Thomas. 2008. Nation -State Cyber Strategies: Examples from China and Russia. [ONLINE] Available at: http://ctnsp.dodlive.mil/files/2014/03/Cyberpower-I-Chap-20.pdf. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. The Guardian. 2017. Russian data law fuels web surveillance fears | World news | The Guardian. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/01/russia-internet-privacy-laws-control-web. [Accessed 19 February 2017]. Russias Spying Craze. 2017. Russias Spying Craze. [ONLINE] Available at: https://themoscowtimes.com/articles/russias-spying-craze-29105. [Accessed 24 February 2017]. Data is the new oil: Tech giants may be huge, but nothing matches big data. 2017. Data is the new oi

Respect in A Rose for Emily :: A Rose for Emily, William Faulkner

Respect in A Rose for Emily Miss Emily Grierson is nobody's best friend. Neither is she the enemy of any man or woman. Life has dealt her circumstances that anyone would falter underneath. Her personality suffers traumatically, but no one can hold that against her. Though not a very pleasant character, Miss Emily does have the support of the townspeople in the text of Faulkner's short story "A Rose for Emily." However, in the video version these same townspeople are portrayed as snoops and critics with no kind intentions seen. Miss Emily was not a social person after her father died, but the townspeople understood this. The townspeople understood "that with nothing left, she would have to cling to that which had robbed her as people will"(31). They did not hold it against her that she had trouble handling this situation. Emily is given the "respectful affection [of] a fallen monument"(28). Each tried in his/her own way to reach out to her. The authorities came to her house, the minister dropped by, and "a few of the ladies had the temerity to call"(30). Miss Emily continued on with life even going so far as to give "china-painting" lessons. The women of the town quite willingly send their daughters and granddaughters to learn from her. At one point in the story, a strong stench coming from Emily's house prompts a few disrespectful comments. Yet in spite of this, the text records that the "people began to feel sorry for her"(30). They are not brutes; inside themselves the townspeople have sympathy for this lady. The townspeople seemed curious about the happenings within her house, but they are not outright mean or obtrusive. After Homer Barron comes into the picture, the town is "glad that Miss Emily would have an interest"(31). Even in the final moments of her life the "whole town went to [Emily's] funeral"(28). They also have the decency to "wait until Miss Emily was in the ground before they opened [the region above the stairs no one had seen in forty years]"(34). The text of this story portrays these

Global Outlook Global Free Zones of the Future 2012/13

GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 Global Free Zones of the Future 2012/13 Winners fDi MAGAZiNE’S SEcONd GLOBAL RANkiNG OF EcONOMic ZONES HAS AwARdEd duBAi AiRpORt FREE ZONE tHE titLE OF GLOBAL FREE ZONE OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13. Grainne Byrne ANd Courtney FinGar REpORt ON tHE RESuLtS 20 www. fdiintelligence. com June/July 2012 GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 D ubai Airport Free Zone (Dafza), located in the United Arab Emirates, has been crowned fDi Magazine’s Global Free Zone of the Future 2012/13. It has moved from second place in the ranking two years ago to be awarded the top spot.Dafza, which was established in 1996 and considers itself to be the fastest growing free zone in the Middle East, impressed the independent judging panel for a variety of reasons. It has excellent transportation links and a clear focus on attracting FDI. The zone only registers foreign companies, and has more than 1300 operational presently. Dafza ha s an increasing environmental awareness and is implementing ‘green buildings’ and an Inter national Organisation for Standardisation energy management system. Second position goes to UAE-based Dubai International Financial Centre, a newcomer to the ranking.Chinabased Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone (WFTZ), the champion from the 2010/11 ranking, moves into third place. The remainder of the top 10 is made up by Iskandar (Malaysia), DuBiotech (UAE), Tanger Free Zone (Morocco), Freeport of Ventspils (Latvia), The Clark Freeport Zone (Philippines), Chittagong Export Processing Zone (Bangladesh) and Dubai Media City (UAE). As well as being overall fDi Global Free Zone of the Future 2012/13, Dafza takes the top spot in the ‘Best Airport Zone’ category. It is followed by Tanger Free Zone and The Clark Freeport Zone.The top three in the ‘Best Port Zone’ category is led by Tanger Free Zone, with Freeport of Ventspils placed second and Mauritius Freep ort coming in third position. Zones from the Middle East – in particular the UAE – dominated the rankings, with 23 of the top 50 zones coming from the Middle East region and 14 of them from the UAE alone. This is the second such ranking produced by fDi Magazine, with the inaugural Global Free Zones of the Future biennial benchmark being published in June 2010. June/July 2012 www. fdiintelligence. com 21 t GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 op 50 FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13: OVERALL RANK NAme of zoNe couNtRy â€Å"We have made plans for expansion in the future, to [eventually] bring another 1500 companies to the dubai airport free Zone† dr mohammed al Zarooni 22 www. fdiintelligence. com June/July 2012 t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11= 11= 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37= 37= 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 Dubai airport Free Zone dubai international Financial centre Shanghai waigaoqiao Free trade Z one iskandar duBiotech tanger Free Zone Freeport of Ventspils the clark Freeport Zone chittagong Export processing Zone dubaiMedia city JLt Freezone katowice Special Economic Zone dubai Silicon Oasis Mauritius Freeport Bahrain international investment park khalifa Bin Salman port Salalah Free Zone Lodz Special Economic Zone Bahrain international Airport Aqaba Special Economic Zone twofour54 (Media Zone Authority, Abu dhabi) walbrzych Special Economic Zone dubai international Academic city dubai Healthcare city Rakia Economic Zone dahej Special Economic Zone dubai Studio city El paso international Airport dubai knowledge Village Bahrain Logistics Zone Ras Al khaimah Free trade Zone Montreal port Aqaba international industrial Estate Astana New city Special Economic Zone pomeranian Special Economic Zone klaipeda Free Economic Zone Starachowice Special Economic Zone Sheffield city Region Enterprise Zone industrial Free Zone – togo SEZ Alabuga Free Zone pirot international Media production Zone Zagreb Free Zone dead Sea development Zone & Jabal Ajloun development Zone polaris international industrial park Birmingham city centre Enterprise Zone technological industrial development Zone Skopje 1 & 2 Southeast-Ecka, Zrenjanin Freeport of Riga Rezekne Special Economic Zone Authority ae uAE china Malaysia uAE Morocco Latvia philippines Bangladesh uAE uAE poland uAE Mauritius Bahrain Bahrain Oman poland Bahrain Jordan uAE poland uAE uAE uAE india uAE uS uAE Bahrain uAE canada Jordan kazakhstan poland Lithuania poland uk togo Russia Serbia uAE croatia Jordan Egypt uk Macedonia Serbia Latvia Latvia Secrets of success The world-beating Dafza has set ambitious targets for expansion and diversification and made a point to hedge against potential challenges presented by the global economic climate in the short to medium term. It has also kept a careful eye on the long term. Speaking to fDi in his Dubai offices in January 2012, the Dafza director-general outlined plans to offset the prospects of a slowdown in its core investor markets of Europe and the US, while also increasing the zone’s status as a contributor to the emirate’s GDP. â€Å"The next expansion will be in the next year,† Dr Mohammed Al Zarooni said. We have made plans for expansion in the future, to [eventually] bring another 1500 companies to the Dubai Airport Free Zone, because we have space for that and we can expand. † In the nearer term, the goal is to attract 600 to 700 additional companies in the next five or six years – in line with Dafza’s rate of growth in the 15 years since its inception, which has seen it average 100 new companies each year. With Dafza currently based on a 700,000-square-metre site, it is hoping to expand eastwards this year, with a view to occupying a 100,000-square-metre leasable area. â€Å"We have [already attracted] 1450 companies,† said Mr Al Zarooni. The intention is to further increase that number, w hile keeping an eye on the quality of investments, he added.While keen to uphold the important role of the European companies in Dafza, which account for 37% of the businesses present, Mr Al Zarooni remains aware of the need to diversify the free zone’s economic partners as it expands. â€Å"The majority of our clients are from Europe and they are facing a lot of problems, but that doesn’t mean we are going to stop,† he said. â€Å"We are thankful we brought many companies in last year from Japan. This year our focus will be on the Far East: Singapore, South Korea, Hong Kong, GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 dubai international airport is home to dubai airport free Zone, which achieved first place in the global free Zones of the future 2012/13 ranking, as well as the leading airport zone top five BESt AiRpORt ZONES RANK NAme of zoNe couNtRy 1 2 3 4 5 5Dubai airport Free Zone tanger Free Zone the clark Freeport Zone Mauritius Freeport Salal ah Free Zone Bahrain international Airport uae Morocco philippines Mauritius Oman Bahrain Japan, China and even India, in case we face some difficulty in bringing in more companies from Europe, America and Australia. † Serving a variety The push for diversification is a mark of many of the world’s more successful zones, according to James Ku, managing director of Indev Partners, who served on the judging panel that helped assess the participating zones for the rankings. â€Å"The most successful zones are either diversified zones with scale or highly specialised zones catering to a specific industry,† he says. Large diversified zones have been able to invest in infrastructure and offer a wide range of amenities, such as ready-built factories that provide flexibility to investors. The large size required to attain economies of scale for such developments have meant that most of the top zones are in the rapidly developing Middle June/July 2012 www. fdiintelligence. com East and Asian countries where land is relatively easier to acquire. Specialised zones have been used most effectively in Dubai, where investors can have access to unique amenities such as laboratories or high-speed communications. † Mr Ku sees the free zone model continuing to have relevance, especially in the current economic climate. Almost all of the zones continue to offer significant tax holidays and fiscal incentives. It highlights that even in a time when budgetary constraints and fiscal austerity are at the forefront, it will be hard for governments to scale back such incentives if they wish to remain globally competitive,† he says. Chairman of the World Free Zone Convention (WFZC) Graham Mather, who served on the judging panel, has also highlighted the vital role that free zones can play in helping the global economy through difficult times. Addressing the 11th â€Å"the most successful Zones are either diversified Zones With scale or highly specialised Z ones catering to a specific industry† James Ku t 25GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 tanger free Zone is strategically located near to the tanger-med port and is rated the best port zone and sixth best overall free zone top five BESt pORt ZONES RANK NAme of zoNe couNtRy 1 2 3 4 5 tanger Free Zone Freeport of Ventspils Mauritius Freeport khalifa Bin Salman port Salalah Free Zone Morocco Latvia Mauritius Bahrain Oman WFZC event in Shanghai in November 2011, he said free zones â€Å"have much to offer† at a time when the world is desperately seeking job creation, economic growth and development ahead of an anticipated downturn amid a worsening eurozone crisis. â€Å"Free zones are key to the world’s search for growth,† he added.Citing a World Bank study analysing the benefits of free zones, which include the ability to absorb unemployed labour, raise skills and productivity levels, and generate taxes from inception, Mr Mather said these a re among the reasons why many countries are returning to the free zone model or newly embracing it as a way out of economic troubles. â€Å"All areas of the world could benefit from free zones and they all need them,† he said. zonal marking Eastern Europe was well represented in the rankings, and judge John Worthington of IBT Partners was among those bullish on the region’s offerings. â€Å"Having worked closely with numerous European economic zones, IBT Partners can say from experience that the high quality of infrastructure and extensive network of all forms of transportation is something that sets European economic zones apart from those of other regions,† he says. With world-class airports, road, railway and port systems strategically clustered in various hubs across the continent, companies who are looking to expand their logistics network in Europe are consistently impressed with the efficiency and practicality of its transport systems. According to fDiâ⠂¬â„¢s survey, all the European free zones featured in this list are highly â€Å"all areas of the World could benefit from free Zones and they all need them† graham mather 26 t www. fdiintelligence. com June/July 2012 GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 the Waigaoqiao free trade Zone in shanghai is ranked third best free zone of the future accessible and possess well developed transport infrastructure. Asia’s zones are, of course, not to be overlooked. â€Å"With the highest average levels of education among emerging economies, Eastern economic zones have at their disposal a labour force with one of the highest skill-to-cost ratios, resulting in massive influxes of FDI into China and s o u t h – e a s t A s i a ,† s ay s M r Worthington. â€Å"At different stages of transition between primary, secondary and tertiary sectors, these are attractive regions for a wide range of industries. India, China, Singapore and the Philippines, in pa rticular, are regarded as zones of fast growth and attraction, which is reflected by the huge increases in employment in he past two years in their respective economic free zones. † African zones, many of which look to the successful Middle Eastern zones as models, have lagged behind but many are now showing promise. The Industrial Free Zone of Togo was the lone sub-Saharan mainland African zone to make the top 50. â€Å"Due to their comprehensive list of fiscal and non-fiscal incentives, low levels of regulatory restrictions, and rapidly improving standards of living, African free zones are becoming increasingly attractive FDI destinations. Those in Morocco and Mauritius, in particular, couple this with a stable political and economic structure, making them highly desirable destinations. It is worth men- ioning that the Tanger Economic Free Zone of Morocco boasts an impressive increase of 20,000 employees in the past two years,† says Mr Worthington. A booming region of the world, South America, has been far behind the curve in using free zones as a path to development, as well as in promoting the zones it does have to the world. This is reflected in the poor participation of zones from this region in the benchmarking study. None were cited in the top 50 list. Two North American zones, meanwhile, made the cut. John Hanna, managing director of GDP Global Development, also served on the judging panel, along with fDi editor Courtney Fingar. n October/November 2007 www. fdiintelligence. com June/July 2012 28 GLOBAL OutLOOk GLOBAL FREE ZONES OF tHE FutuRE 2012/13 skandar in Johor, malaysia, is ranked fourth in the global free Zones of the future 2012/13 JuDGiNG pANeL couRtNey fiNGAR Editor, fDi Magazine More than 600 free zones across 120 countries were invited by fDi Magazine to complete a survey requesting both qualitative and methoDoLoGy quantitative data regarding their free zones. The information collected was set under five categories: incentives , facilities, cost-effectiveness, transportation and best FDI promotion. A total of 56 zones submitted details regarding many aspects of their zones and this was judged and scored by an independent judging panel. JohN hANNA Managing director, Gdp Global development JuDGiNG cRiteRiAGeneral inForMation †¢ Totalsize †¢ Totallandavailablefordevelopment †¢ Expansioninlandareainthepasttwo years; and/or plans for expansion in the next two years †¢ Totalofficespaceavailable †¢ Totalemployment †¢ Increaseinemploymentinthepasttwo years †¢ Numberofbusinessesoperatinginthe zone †¢ Totalvolumeofgoodsprocessedinthe zone †¢ Increaseintotalvolumeofgoods processed in the past two years †¢ Percentageofinvestorcompaniesthat expand their presence in the zone †¢ Anyrestrictionsforsettingupinthe zone inCentives †¢ Typesofincentivesoffered †¢ Descriptionoftheincentivesoffered including any requirements for eligibility †¢ Administratives ervicesofferedtoassist investors FaCilities †¢ Keyeconomicandindustrialsectors supported by the zone †¢ Rangeofwarehousefacilities,industrial units, logistics and office spaces available †¢ Amenitiesofferedtohelpinvestors Costs †¢ Annualaveragerentalcostofindustrial facilities, warehouse space, office space, undeveloped land, condominium and others (per m? ) †¢ Averagecostperunitofwatercosts(per m? ), electricity costs (per kw/hr) and gas costs (per m? †¢ Annualaveragecostoflabourfor unskilled worker, semi-skilled worker and highly skilled worker transportation †¢ Presencewithinzoneofairport,port, major motorways, railway or other †¢ Presencenearzoneofairport,port, major motorways, railway or other †¢ Descriptionofanymajorplanned infrastructure projects proMotion strateGy †¢ Website †¢ Digital/webpromotionactivities undertaken to create interest in the zone †¢ Othermarketing,communicationsor promotional activities undertake n †¢ Methodsusedtoidentifypotential investors, and strategy for approaching and engaging them †¢ Thezone’smarketingslogan/brief summary of its appeal †¢ Statementfromzone’schiefexecutive, director or president on his or her vision for achieving the zone full Fdi potential serviCes *asked of services zones †¢ Descriptionofservicesofferedby companies in the zone †¢Telecommunicationandtechnology infrastructure †¢Disasterrecoveryservicesofferedonsite †¢Internetspeedoffered †¢Availablelabourpoolandthe%ofwhich speak more than one language †¢Officespaceavailability †¢Majorplannedprojects JAmeS Ku Managing director, indev partners GRAhAm mAtheR chairman, world Free Zone convention JohN WoRthiNGtoN partner, iBt partners An additional set of information was sought from airport and port zones regarding their facilities and capacity 30 www. fdiintelligence. com June/July 2012

Human Resource Planning Proposal for Harbour IT Asia Essay Example

Human Resource Planning Proposal for Harbour IT Asia Essay Example Human Resource Planning Proposal for Harbour IT Asia Paper Human Resource Planning Proposal for Harbour IT Asia Paper Recently, the company established a branch office in Artists Center, Passing City Philippines? effectively transitioning from renting an office and outsourcing employees, to absorbing these employees into official members of the Harbor IT team. This company is called Harbor IT Asia. Since 2012, Harbor IT Asia has hired two Human Resource Managers to create a Human Resource Management plan for the company, but both have since resigned. This proposal Is an analysis on the company and Includes a Human Resource Management plan. Keywords: Harbor IT, Harbor IT Asia, IT Company, human resources, proposal 3 Company Goals Harbor IT Asia aims to differentiate itself by providing customer service excellence in everything it does in the Managed IT Services Professional Solutions Industry. Harbor IT Asia is committed to the highest standards of ethics, integrity and behavior and to always act in a professional and courteous manner, and adheres to the core values: of Customer Service Excellence, Customer Service Responsibility, Delivery Timeliness and Availability, Courtesy, Honesty and Fairness, Team Spirit, and Meeting the Challenge. Scan the Environment Workforce analysis. Harbor IT Asia currently employs 62 people. Out of the 62, there are 31 males and 31 female employees. The employees age range from 20 to 48 years of age with majority of the employees falling in the 25 to 35 age range. 15 per cent (15%) of the Taft are in management, while the rest are experienced employees. Internal scan. Harbor IT Asia does not currently have its own Employee Manual and are using the existing employee manual provided by Multinational Corporation. Before establishing itself as a separate entity, Harbor IT Asia used to rent office space and source employees and other resources through Multinational Corporation. Looking at the environment, there is also an obvious division between the two departments within Harbor IT Asia?offshore and Internal. Offshore are less in number and have no interaction at all in their working relationship with the Internal Taft. They tend to have separate team building activities and are allocated their own budget for these occasions. Several of the Offshore staff also have a more flexible 4 schedule, with the option to have full flexible hours or to work from home. The Internal staff, however, although more in number, are also divided into its own silos. There is an unspoken competition between the four Service Desk teams, and the teams are also distant from the IT Operations and Accounts teams. There is also an obvious display of favoritism within the company, with the Country Manager being pen with his close relationships to a few of the staff, and give preferential treatment. The leaders of the teams also do not seem to set an example to their staff, and prefer to work on an independent manner, which in turn affects the team and fosters an every man for himself attitude. External scan. Current workforce trends show that there are more and more Australian companies that choose to move their operations to the Philippines. This means that there will be an increase in applicants because there will be more people from call centers and Boos who prefer applying for Australian accounts because of the schedule. Australia is only two hours ahead of the Philippines, so the time difference is not as drastic when compared to working for companies in the US. However, with the nature of high level of IT knowledge and understanding. This may narrow down the applicants quite a bit. Another factor is understanding the Australian accent. People that are used to listening to American English or the neutral accent will initially be taken aback by how difficult the Australian accent sounds like, as well as the colloquial words that are commonly used in Australian conversation. However, compared to Harbor IT Asia, other companies provide better benefit. Harbor IT Asia does not provide employees with an allowance therefore their entire pay is taxed and will lead to deductions. Conduct a Gap Analysis 5 Current Human Resource requirements include hiring a Service Desk Manager to oversee the operations of the Internal Service Desk teams since currently the team leaders are reporting directly to the Country Manager. Also a requirement is the need for a Human Resources Manager to design and implement the Human Resource Plan and to facilitate and guide employees and team leaders with the duties and responsibilities. The Human Resources Manager will also need at least one full-time staff member to assist her with her duties. A full-time company nurse is also an essential. With the current lack of direction in career growth in Harbor IT Asia and without a wildebeests and balanced compensation program, it is expected that employees will resign from the company after an average of two years. This should be anticipated and training should begin to take place between departments to more specialized skill sets. Without movement, it is recommended that the company begin to practice Job sharing to facilitate in pickling and fully raining all of the employees across the company. It should also be noted that most of the employees fall within the same age range, so it is very likely that a majority will retire at the same time or within 1-5 years of one another. This should also be prepared for and younger employees should be considered in their applications. Set Human Resource Priorities to Help Achieve the Company Goals It was determined that employee happiness and retention should be prioritize in the Human Resource Plan. Strategies to improve retention would be increasing or adding additional benefits to the employees, for example, providing employees on graveyard shifts with transportation allowance, increasing the amount of the free lunch benefit, adding clothing allowance to allow the employees to purchase business casual clothing for work days, and waiving the monthly fee for at least two dependents. The next item that the Human Resource plan should prioritize is the Employee Manual or handbook. All policies and procedures of the company should be detailed in this handbook, including due process and the hierarchy of disciplinary action. This should also be uniform and standardized across the company and the results should be the same across all apartments. Measure, Monitor and Report on Progress Feedback forms should be provided to all employees which will be anonymously recorded and the benefit or feature that scores the highest votes will be prioritize and approval and Justification will be submitted to the Country Manager. In addition to this, there should be a space left available in the form that will allow employees to input their own suggestions aside from the existing items provided. The Employee Manual should be completed within the next six (6) months. All employees will be informed when the Employee Manual has been completed and Team Leaders and there members of Management should then be trained to ensure that they are completely aware of the plans and policies. Once the Team Leaders and Management have been trained, they should then conduct meetings with their team members to educate every employee on the plans and policies. The Team Leaders should then have the employee sign an Acknowledgement Form to ensure that this has been read and understood and should be filed with the Human Resource Manager. Succession Planning With the current lack of a definite career plan at Harbor IT Asia, it is recommended that Succession Planning should be implemented. Identifying Key Positions There are two criterion when identifying key positions. Criticality. Critical positions are identified as positions that would have significant impact on the organizations ability to conduct normal business once vacated. Critical positions at Harbor IT Asia 7 include the Accountant, the Team Leaders. It has also been identified that if a number of Service Desk Analysts are to become unavailable, there will be a great impact on the business. Retention risk. This refers to positions where the departure of an employee is expected or likely. Positions with this a high retention risk include Service Desk Analysts. Identifying Competencies Each position has its unique set of knowledge, skills, and abilities (Asks). Accountant. The Accountant holds the responsibility of running the accounting department at places such as financial institutions, corporate businesses or educational facilities. Prospective supervisors generally must have a minimum of a bachelors degree and adequate field experience. Job description. Department workers. In addition to clerical and managerial work, the Accountant also participates in basic accounting functions, such as logging payments and maintaining financial records. In addition to maintaining regulations and laws of accounting procedures, the Accountant also carries out financial auditing procedures. The Accountant must be able to effectively communicate with employees and maintain a positive working relationship when addressing problems and coming up with solutions. Job specifications. The Accountants general duties include assessing accuracy of accounting data, fielding questions directed at accounts payable and receivable, keeping track of records and processing transfers. The Accountant may also prepare Journal entries, log data into spreadsheets and communicate with outside 8 financial institutions, such as banks and lenders. The Accountant can also be in charge of ordering supplies and office equipment, depending on the size of the company. Country Manager. The Country Manager will be responsible for payroll, grant report entry, managing the organizations Human Resources, helping and creating organizational and program budgets and other miscellaneous tasks. Job description. The Country Manager will report directly to the Shared Services Manager and to the Management Staff in Sydney and serves as a member of the Management Team. This positions primary responsibility is ensuring organizational effectiveness by providing dervish for the organizations financial functions. Working with the management team, the position also contributes to the development and implementation of organizational strategies, policies and practices. Job specifications. The Country Manager will work to improve the operational systems, processes and policies in support of organizations mission?specifically, support better management reporting, information flow and management, business process and organizational planning. He should also manage and increase the effectiveness and efficiency of all departments through improvements to each function as well as ordination and communication between support and business functions. He plays a significant role in long-term planning, including an initiative geared toward operational excellence. The Country Manager also oversees overall financial management, planning, systems and controls and handles the management of the company budget in coordination with the Accountant. The Country Manager will be in charge of payroll management, including tabulation of accrued employee benefits and will attend regular meetings with the Shared Services Manager around fiscal planning. He should also supervise and coach team leaders on a weekly basis. Executive Assistant/Administrative Assistant. The Executive Assistant/Administrative Assistant is responsible for carrying out the daily activities of the executive office to deliver an excellent staff experience while providing secretarial support, managing the mail, and carrying out filing. The Executive Assistant/Administrative Assistant provides high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, handling information requests, and performing clerical functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff. Job specifications. The Executive Assistant/Administrative Assistant will be in charge of managing the day-to-day operations of the office; organizing and maintaining files and records; planning and scheduling meetings and appointments; managing projects and conducting research; preparing and editing correspondence, reports, and presentations; making travel and guest arrangements; and providing quality customer service. IT Operations Technician. IT Operations Technicians perform administrative duties and other functions that alp streamline the daily business operations of an organization. IT Operations Technicians work with their team leader and other personnel to help keep businesses running smoothly. 10 Job specifications. The IT Operations Technicians maintain local inventory and software licenses, monitors for security compliance in accordance with company protocols, maintain all systems documentation such as warranty information, telephony system user guides and more, install, maintain, repair and replace IT hardware and software, monitors data backups in offices to ensure business continuity in the event of a disaster or reward failure. IT Operations Team Leader The IT Operations Team Leader is responsible for all of the planning, implementation, maintenance and repair of an information technology system including the management of IT personnel. Job description. The IT Operations Team Leader ensures the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the IT systems. They ensure that their team is correctly following procedures and processes and that maintenance and operations is done on a timely basis. Rivers related network to ensure availability of services to authorized users. Junior Systems Administrator. The Junior Systems Administrator will assist the Systems Administrator in his day to day tasks and responsibilities. Programmer. The Programmer creates and modifies computer programs by converting project requirements into code. 11 The Programmer will create software and applications for the company or the clients business purposes according to the specifications, depending on the programmers expertise. Job specifications . The Programmer confirms project requirements by reviewing program objective, input data, and output requirements with analyst, supervisor, and client; arranges reject requirements in programming sequence by analyzing requirements; preparing a work flow chart and diagram using knowledge of computer capabilities, subject matter, programming language, and logic; encodes project requirements by converting work flow information into computer language; programs the computer by entering coded information; confirms program operation by conducting tests; modifying program sequence and/or codes; prepares reference for users by writing operating instructions; maintains historical records by documenting program development and revisions; maintains client confidence and protects operations by peeping information confidential; ensures operation of equipment by following manufacturers instructions; troubleshooting malfunctions; calling for repairs; and evaluating new equipment and techniques. Offsh ore Manager. The Offshore Manager has a similar Job description and Job specifications as the Country Manager, but is only applicable to his specific department. The Offshore Manager reports to the Country Manager. Recruitment Consultant. The Recruitment Consultant interviews applicants to determine their Job requirements and suitability for particular Jobs, assess their training needs and help employers to find suitable staff. Job description. 12 Recruitment Consultants attract candidates by drafting advertising copy for use in a wide range of media, as well as by networking, headhunting and through referrals. Them to their clients. Consultants also provide advice to both clients and candidates on salary levels, training requirements and career opportunities. Job specifications. The Recruitment Consultant will be involved in using sales, business development, marketing techniques and networking in order to attract business from client companies; visiting clients to build and develop relationships; developing a good understanding of client companies, their industry, what they do and their work culture and environment; advertising vacancies by drafting and placing adverts in a wide range of media, for example newspapers, websites, magazines; using social media to advertise positions, attract candidates and build relationships with candidates and employers; headhunting identifying and approaching suitable candidates who may already be in work; using candidate databases to match the right person to the clients vacancy; receiving and reviewing applications, managing interviews and tests and creating a shortlist of candidates for the client; requesting preferences and checking the suitability of applicants before submitting their details to the client; briefing t he candidate about the responsibilities, salary and benefits of the Job in question; preparing C.v. and correspondence to forward to clients in respect of suitable applicants; organizing interviews for candidates as requested by the client; informing candidates about the results of their interviews; negotiating pay and salary rates and finalizing arrangements between client and candidates; offering advice to both clients and candidates on pay rates, training and career progression; irking towards and exceeding targets that may relate to the number of candidates placed, a value to be billed to clients or business leads generated; reviewing recruitment policies to ensure effectiveness of selection techniques and recruitment programs. Reports Analyst. 3 Reports analysts develop systems and standards for business reports. They must be experts in data management and software engineering and be able to coordinate effectively with the needs of multiple departments. Job description Reports analysts examine the unique needs and concerns of a business to develop relevant practices and procedures for preparing business reports. This includes creating and maintaining efficient and secure systems for recording data and producing relevant documentation. Reports analysts also train workers in the use of these systems, teaching them to prepare reports and properly utilize report data. Job specifications. The Reports Analyst examines and evaluates purpose and content of business reports to develop new, or improve existing format, use, and control; reviews reports to determine basic characteristics, such as origin and report flow, format, frequency, distribution and purpose or function of report; confers with persons originating, middling, processing, or receiving reports to identify problems and to gather operating practices, records retention schedules, and office equipment layout; recommends establishment of new or modified reporting methods and procedures to improve report content and completeness of information; prepares and issues instructions concerning generation, completion, and distribution of reports according to new or revised practices, procedures, or policies of reports management. Sales Associate. Sales associates provide fast, friendly service by actively seeking out customers to assess their needs and provide assistance. Sales associates have an emphasis on department and product knowledge, providing information on product features, and knowing related items to sell a specific product or service. Job description. 14 Sales associates require excellent communication abilities, superb customer service and the ability to count, read and write different documents. The Sales Associate will be tasked to identify prospects from the database provided by the company; calls prospective customers by operating telephone equipment, automatic dialing systems, and other telecommunications technologies; influences customers to buy products and services by following a prepared sales talk to give service and product information and price quotations; completes orders by recording names, addresses, and purchases; referring orders for filling; secures information by completing data base backups. Sales Support. People that work in Sales Support will undertake administration and other office duties that leave the sales team free to focus on the busy business of selling. Job description. Employees in Sales Support will do daily administration tasks and after-sales activities to allow the sales team to continue to sell without having to interrupt their ark. Job specifications. Sales Support are in charge of processing new sales leads, managing the correspondence between the sales team and their clients, monitoring customer accounts, providing data and reports to help the sales team, keeping track of sales targets, answering phone calls and inquiries and appointment setting. Service Desk Analyst. The Service Desk Analyst provides first line of support to users and escalate to where necessary. Job description. 15 internal staff. The Service Desk Analyst will require an aptitude for working with applications/systems to undertake analysis, diagnosis and resolution of IT problems, which may range from straightforward to more complicated technical issues. There is also a range of administration duties within this role. Job specifications. The Service Desk Analyst will take on tasks like logging, validating and diagnosing customer issues, on the full range of products and applications provided to the customer; providing the customer with a solution through information gathering, analytical troubleshooting and problem research, or to route or escalate the call to the appropriate resolution group. The Service Desk Analyst will also take on escalation and management of calls to agreed service levels and will need to be expensive to clients while following the principles and procedures of the quality management system. They will also need to identify and analyze problems and suggest improvements identified in their own area of responsibility and implementing those with a recognized business benefit. Service Desk Team Leader. The Service Desk Team Leader will be the supervisor in charge of a team of Service Desk Analysts. The Service Desk Team Leader will manage the performance of services to customers and ensure that service levels are achieved in line with contracts. The team leader will also ensure that customer expectations are met or exceeded. The Service Desk Team Leader will be ultimately responsible for ownership of all customers incidents or logged service requests; track the incidents to conclusion in line with Service Level Agreements (Slash) and quality standards; manage critical customers incidents, associated to customer 16 communication, activities and any appropriate escalations; provide information about incidents analysis and Key Performance Indicators (Kips); build services relationship with customers and conduct service reviews for key customers; review performance reports, service improvements, service quality and processes; and provide management and performance reports. The Systems Administrator is responsible for effective provisioning, installation/ configuration, operation, and maintenance of systems hardware and software and related infrastructure. Job description. The Systems Administrator participates in technical research and development to enable continuing innovation within the infrastructure. He ensures that system hardware, operating systems, software systems, and related procedures adhere to organizational values. Job specifications. The Systems Administrator will be in charge of engineering of solutions for various

Managing Organzation Change

Managing Organzation Change Free Online Research Papers Andy Warhol said, â€Å"They always say time changes things, but you actually have to change them yourself.† (quotation.com) Dr. Linden Frelick, president and CEO of Victoria Hospital, realized it was time to make some strategic changes in his hospital to survive and provide service to the local community. Due to external and internal forces such as economic pressures imposed by the government by cutting funding, increasing operational costs, stiff competition from nearby facilities, and an inefficient internal structure, Victoria Hospital had to change or it would perish. Therefore, Dr. Frelick proposed and implemented three strategies to assist the hospital to remain viable to the community it served. The three strategies Victoria Hospital employed consisted of, first, changing the organizational structure to meet patients’ needs, second, use technology to change work processes within the hospital, and third develop entrepreneurial opportunities to generate revenue for service no longer covered by health insurance. This paper will evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies against the four dimensions of change. But before we get into that, let take a look at why the four dimension of change are important. To effectively manage change, organizations need to utilize the four dimensions of change (strategy, resources, systems, and culture) to evaluate their strategy using an integration of these attributes to bring about change. These dimensions provide a structured plan to evaluate how an organization can gain a competitive advantage in the market place in order to improve their services or products to the customer. Since business strategy is how an organization dictates how it will compete, it is important to establish also how it will use its resource, systems, and culture to support the strategy. Application Analysis Strategy What needs changed? The internal organizational structure needed a facelift. The hospital used a traditional organizational hierarchical structure. This type of structure leads to each functional department to address their own particular needs instead of the needs of the entire organization. In additional, this type of structure allowed duplication of patient care services as well. Next they turned their attention to their internal processes that involved patient care delivery and the need to change the way they utilized their information systems. Resources The forming of care teams allowed Victoria to be more flexible and responsive to their environment instead of working in functional specific silos. This would allow the teams to provide services they do best and also by forming partnerships for those services that require additional expertise. Reorganizing the hospital’s functional departments to into a flat organizational structure would permit the communications to improve and deliver care to patients efficiently and reduce associated costs. Systems Within the medical community, the Patient Care Guidelines and Pathways is a set of researched recommendation on the delivery of patient care. These standards assisted in clinics looking at every care process to see what provided added value and reduce those that didn’t. (Leban Stone, 2008) Dr. Frelick vision includes realigning Victoria’s processes and restructuring the organization to take advantage of the guidelines. In addition, to changes to their internal processes, they have a desire to take advantage of technology to further provide quality service to their clients. By using an online clinical system, they will be able focus on providing clinical information to the entire organization along with the standard administrative and financial data. Culture The culture at Victoria was one of isolated functional groups. Each group only functioned and addressed their needs within their own department. The healthcare industry is moving to a more cross functional culture and Victoria’s current culture of silos cannot provide the flexible clinical services. Also, even though the executive has been made aware of the Dr. Frelick vision of a redesigned Victoria Hospital, they had various levels of interest in the program. In order for Victoria’s strategy to be successful, everyone has to be on board and sharing the vision. Lessons Learned What I have learned is that in order to implement any successful change, you need a plan and framework, and in this case the four dimensions of change is an excellent tool for evaluating how your well your strategy mingles and supports the resources, systems and culture of an organization. By using the four dimensions, managers can apply this evaluation tool to any situation where changes are required. ? References Leban, Bill Stone, Romuald . (2008). Managing Organization Change (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Quotation Page. â€Å"Andy Warhol Quotations.† Retrieved Jan. 22, 2009 from . 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Individual in society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Individual in society - Essay Example 2. Why am I completing a Learning Journal as part of my study of social psychology? The learning journal aims at helping me properly understand and reflect on the ideas, issues and concepts learnt from topics in the class lectures in the most efficacious way possible. The journal also aims at enabling me think critically in identifying the ideas, concepts and issues raised in the topics. This will in turn enable me acquire the ability to reflect, respond to similar issues and formulate similar ideas 3. What do I hope to learn from this assignment? The assignment will no doubt help me in my future studies and in practical application of learnt ideas. It will enhance grasping and understanding of concepts from the topics I have learnt more effectively, and enhance reflection and application of the same in real time social psychology in the future. Further, it will equip me with skills in critical thinking, evaluation and quick comprehension. In my future studies, it will help me to ref lect on learnt materials adequately, be able to identify and connect with the learnt ideas and apply the same in solving related issues. perspective. Reflective Learning Journal Topic: Self & Identity 1. Which aspect of the topic has interested me most? Why? In the topic Self and Identity, the aspect that has interested me the most is Spotlight effect and the illusion of transparency. This aspect is quite new to me and I never realized that such an experience had happened my life before without my knowledge. The aspect provides me with a new perspective on self-thinking, and its importance and significance in every day life. 2. What are the main ideas, concepts and evidence related to this aspect? The main ideas related to this aspect are the perceptions on self-focus, illusion of transparency cover and the spotlight effect. The concepts describe the language the body gives in certain feelings and the linking of the body language to certain feelings when in fact it is not the case. The body language can give a wrong impression and people can overestimate what one is thinking when it is completely the opposite. This is the spotlight effect discussed in the journal. A person can feel that they are under surveillance of other people when they are not. A person can be too conscious during public speaking and end up being different from the person they usually are in a normal or a social environment. The audience might really be interested in listening to the speaker but because the speaker is too self-conscious might end up underperforming because of thinking that they are being judged by the audience. Illusion of transparency explains how Some feelings are predictable and can be read by others. Feelings such as nervousness, happiness, anxiety, sadness and fear. However, some emotions cannot come out clearly. For example of love can rarely show out to others if the involved party decides to hide their feelings for each other (Myers, 2010) 3. What short quote from the text or reading illustrates an important point related to this aspect? The quote relating to this aspect is by Kenneth Savitsky and Thomas Gilovich who say that people feelings leak out and others normally notice. They forget that their internal stakes can leak out for others to see. For example, signs like trembling and nervousness can easily lead to detection of a liar (Myers 2010, p.60) 4. How is this aspect relevant to my social world? This aspect has enabled me

Discussion Questions WK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Questions WK - Essay Example If we were to measure over a specific period of time, we would see that these two variables could be measured in the environment and to have sustained about an equal amount of pollution over time, considering that the amount of pollution to each variable would be constant. These variables would then be said to be correlational. In that sense, one sees that these variables are good examples. Question 2: ?If a researcher were studying the effects of a teaching method on patient learning outcomes, how must he or she word the research question (different from the hypothesis) to use a t-test to test for statistical differences? What type of data must he or she collect ( interval, ratio, ordinal, nominal)? Why? *Hint: An example of a research question is: Will drug B do a better job of curing acne then drug A? (250 words) In order to do any kind of experiment, one must have a control subject. In order to keep this particular study viable for the control part of the experiment, a t-test mus t be conducted. According to Allen (2004), â€Å"Under a set of assumptions that are usually referred to as the Gauss-Markov conditions, the t test can be used to test the significance of a regression†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pp. 66).